Understanding Tooth Sensitivity: Symptoms & Treatments

Symptoms

The primary symptom of dentinal hypersensitivity is a sudden, sharp pain or discomfort in one or more teeth in response to specific stimuli, including: 

• Temperature changes (hot or cold) 

• Sweet or acidic foods and drinks 

• Touch, such as during brushing or flossing 

The pain is usually temporary, lasting only as long as the stimulus is present, but it can recur frequently if the underlying issue is not addressed. 

Prevention and Treatment Options

Fortunately, dentinal hypersensitivity can be managed and often reduced through proper oral hygiene practices and treatment options.

Use Desensitising Toothpaste

One of the most common and effective treatments for sensitive teeth is using toothpaste specifically designed for dentinal hypersensitivity. Regular use can significantly reduce sensitivity over time. All leading brands have a toothpaste for teeth sensitivity. The mechanism of action may differ depending on the active ingredient. The main mechanism of action is blocking of signals passing up through dentin tubules to the nerve endings near the pulp complex.

The following ingredients signals the presence of a desensitising agent in a toothpaste.

1. Potassium Nitrate

2. Stannous Fluoride combined with Zinc Phosphate

3. Arginine Bicarbonate.

Effectiveness usually depends on prolonged use followed by eliminating the underlying cause. 

Maintain Good Oral Hygiene

Maintaining a proper oral hygiene routine is essential for preventing and managing sensitivity. Use a soft-bristled nylon toothbrush with a smear of adult, fluoride toothpaste to avoid further damage to the enamel and gums.  

Address Gum Recession

If gum recession is the primary cause of sensitivity, it is essential to address the underlying issue and discuss it with your dentist or hygienist.

Avoid Acidic Foods and Drinks

Limiting your intake of highly acidic foods and beverages can help reduce enamel erosion and sensitivity. If you do consume them, rinse your mouth with water afterward to help neutralise the acids, and avoid brushing your teeth immediately.

Professional Treatment for Severe Cases

For severe cases of dentinal hypersensitivity that do not respond to at-home treatments, your dentist may recommend more advanced procedures.

When to see a Dentist

While mild sensitivity can often be managed with over-the-counter treatments and good oral hygiene, it’s important to see a dentist if: 

• The sensitivity persists or worsens despite treatment 

• The pain is severe or occurs without a specific trigger 

• You notice signs of tooth decay, cracks, or gum recession 

Your dentist can assess the condition of your teeth and gums, diagnose the cause of your sensitivity, and recommend the most appropriate treatment options. The following are proven effective dental procedures performed by a dentist or hygienist to treat severe cases of dentinal sensitivity. 

• Sodium Fluoride Varnish 

• Silver Diamine Fluoride 

• Laser Treatment