Understanding Early Childhood Caries (Dental Decay)

Causes, Prevention and Tips

Early Childhood Caries (ECC), commonly known as baby bottle tooth decay, is a severe and fast-spreading form of dental decay that affects infants and young children. It often begins when bacteria, particularly Streptococcus mutans, are transmitted from a caregiver with dental decay.

How does ECC develop?

Dental decay can start as soon as a baby’s first teeth emerge. The primary culprits are sweetened liquids such as milk, formula, and fruit juices, which can cling to an infant’s teeth for long periods. If left unchecked, the bacteria in dental plaque biofilm convert sugars into acid, leading to rapid tooth decay. Early signs of ECC include white spots appearing on the teeth, which indicate enamel demineralisation.

Preventing ECC

To protect your child’s teeth, consider the following tips:

Limit sugary drinks

Avoid giving sweetened liquids before bedtime. A bottle at night should contain only cooled, boiled water.

Practice good feeding habits

Feed your child before bedtime, rather than allowing them to fall asleep while drinking.

Introduce a cup early

Encourage your child to drink from a plastic cup instead of a bottle as soon as possible.

Maintain oral hygiene

Clean your baby’s gums with a soft cloth and start brushing their teeth as soon as they appear.

By following these simple steps, you can help prevent ECC and promote lifelong dental health for your child and remember… your child should be fed and put to bed, not put to bed and fed!