Gum Recession

What is it and how do I protect my gums? 

Gum recession (sometimes called receding gums) happens when the gum tissue around the teeth pulls back, exposing more of the tooth root. This can make teeth look longer, increase sensitivity and raise the risk of decay and periodontal (gum) disease. Once gum tissue has receded, it generally does not grow back on its own, so prevention and early care are key to preventing further gum recession. 

What causes gum recession?

Recession often develops as part of gum disease, an infection of the gum and supporting tissues caused by dental plaque biofilm build-up. Gum disease begins when dental plaque biofilm (a sticky film of bacteria) isn’t regularly removed, leading to inflammation, bleeding and eventually recession if untreated. 

Other contributory factors include:

• Poor oral hygiene – dental plaque biofilm that isn’t effectively removed can irritate gums. 
• Tobacco use – smoking/vaping increases the risk of gum disease and delays healing.
• Genetics – some people naturally have thinner gum tissue, making recession more likely.
• Hormonal changes – pregnancy, puberty or menopause can make gums more sensitive.
• Brushing habits – aggressive brushing or using hard bristles can traumatise the gums. Gum recession resulting from aggressive brushing technique is a healthy protective response to overbrushing and is not a sign of gum disease. 

Why it matters?

Receding gums aren’t just cosmetic. Exposed roots are more vulnerable to decay and sensitivity, and they can contribute to tooth mobility over time. Gum disease and poor oral health can also affect general health, with links between periodontal inflammation and systemic conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular disease. 

Protecting your Gums – Top Tips

• Brush and clean effectively every day – Brush gently twice daily using a soft bristle toothbrush with the bristles touching the gum at a 45-degree angle bringing a smear of fluoride toothpaste into contact with the teeth. Good oral hygiene is central to preventing gum disease. 
• Clean between teeth daily – Flossing or using interdental brushes removes dental plaque biofilm where a toothbrush can’t reach.
• Visit your dentist regularly – Professional exams and cleanings help control hardened dental plaque biofilm that can otherwise contribute to gum issues. Regular check-ups mean that early signs of recession and gum disease are caught sooner.
• Quit smoking – Smoking/vaping is a major risk factor for gum disease. Quitting can improve the immune response and gum healing.
• Healthy lifestyle choices – Good nutrition, low sugar intake, and overall wellness support gum health. Daily care habits are the best defence against gum disease and by extension gum recession.

If you notice signs like bleeding gums, swelling, sensitivity or visibly receding gums, schedule a check-up with your dentist. Early periodontal disease management can protect both your gum health and your long-term healthy smile.