Menopause and Oral Health: Effects on your Teeth

What Every Woman Should Know

Menopause marks a major stage in a woman’s life, usually in your late 40s to early 50s and it comes with a host of changes, not just hot flushes and mood swings. One often overlooked area affected by menopause is oral health. Hormonal shifts, especially the natural decline in oestrogen and progesterone don’t just influence your metabolism or bones, they also influence your mouth. 

How Menopause and Hormonal Changes Affect Oral Health

The drop in hormones during menopause can trigger several changes inside your mouth.

Dry Mouth

Menopause often leads to reduced saliva production, a common issue known as dry mouth. Since saliva helps wash away food particles, neutralise harmful acids and protect against decay, a decrease makes your teeth more vulnerable to cavities and gum problems.  

Gum Sensitivity, Inflammation and Bleeding

Lower oestrogen levels may make your gum tissues thinner and more sensitive. You might notice your gums feel tender, bleed more easily when brushing or flossing or have a slightly shiny appearance. Over time, this can increase your risk of gingivitis and periodontal disease.

Increased Risk of Decay and Bone Loss 

Saliva also protects tooth enamel, less saliva means bacteria and acids sit on teeth longer, speeding up decay. Menopause-related changes in bone density may also affect the jawbone that supports your teeth, increasing the risk of loose teeth or even tooth loss if severe gum disease is present. 

Burning Mouth and Taste Changes

Some women experience burning sensations in the mouth or changes in taste; salty, bitter or metallic flavours, likely linked to hormonal shifts. These symptoms can affect enjoyment of food and eating in comfort.

Protecting your Teeth & Gums during Menopause

While hormonal changes can impact your teeth and gums, they don’t mean poor oral health is inevitable. Here’s how to manage and protect your smile. 

• Maintain excellent oral hygiene – brush twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and use floss or interdental brushes to remove dental plaque biofilm between teeth. Regular dental check-ups help catch early signs of issues before they become serious. 
• Combat dry mouth – Sip water throughout the day, chew sugar-free gum to stimulate saliva, and avoid caffeine and alcohol, which can worsen dryness. Your dentist might suggest special oral moisturisers if needed. 
• Support bone and gum health – Eating a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D (found in dairy, leafy greens and fortified foods) supports bone density. Staying active and avoiding smoking also benefit your overall oral health. 
• Speak with your healthcare team – If menopausal symptoms are severe, including oral changes, discuss them with your GP. Treatments like hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may help reduce some symptoms, although decisions about HRT should be personalised with professional advice.  

With awareness, preventive care and open communication with dental and healthcare professionals, you can manage these changes and protect your dental health well into your later years.